Christian Key Beliefs Hindu Key Beliefs Key terms (Sanctity of life, Stewardship, Positive discrimination etc.) Information (animals, taking care of the world, prejudice, abortion etc.)

Christian Key Beliefs Hindu Key Beliefs Key terms (Morality, Ethics, Value of life etc.) Information (IVF, genetic engineering, drugs, elderly, euthanasia, crime etc.)

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Three pages PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION - THE EXISTENCE OF GOD ARGUMENTS FROM OBSERVATION TELEOLOGICAL ARGUMENT AQUINAS Fifth Way WILLIAM PALEY Watchmaker analogy HUME DAWKINS ANTONY FLEW F.R. TENNANT COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT ARISTOTLE THOMAS AQUINAS Three cosmological ‘Ways’ Summa Theologica Argument from motion Argument from causation: Contingency argument: “ex nihilo nihil fit” Quantum physics No-boundary proposal: Hawking + Hartle Wave-function of the universe Oscillating universe theory: GOTTFRIED LEIBNIZ Criticisms of cosmological argument: Hume The fallacy of composition STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Key issues ARGUMENTS FROM REASON ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT ANSELM GAUNILO OF MARMOUTIER Dawkins RENE DESCARTES Cartesian doubt COGITO ERGO SUM Analytic statement Descartes’ triangle IMMANUEL KANT SYNTHETIC HYPOTHESIS STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Russell Key issues

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Two pages MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE WILLIAM JAMES MACKIE ST TERESA OF AVILA Sufi Whirling Dervishes RUDOLF OTTO CORPORATE EXPERIENCES Toronto blessing Medjugorje Damascus Christophany Saul SWINBURNE PERSINGER’S HELMET Dawkins

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Three pages PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION – THE PROBLEM OF EVIL “the rock of atheism” Logical problem of evil Inconsistent triad Epicurus Hume J.L. MACKIE AUGUSTINE Moral evil Natural evil Criticisms and responses Theodicy True theodicy Augustinian Theodicy Original Sin LOGICAL ERROR F.D.E. Schleiermacher creation ex nihilo SCIENTIFIC ERROR MORAL ERROR Freewill Defence ALVIN PLANTINGA SWINBURNE + HICK FLEW Irenaean Theodicy “Then God said ‘they will be like us and resemble us” Omnipotent God Hick DZ PHILLIPS Process theology SWINBURNE GUTIERREZ Liberation theology Pandeism Christian Science MARY BAKER EDDY HUME “Why is there any misery in the world?” Divine Command Theory PETER GEACH Animal suffering ALBERT CAMUS DOSTOEVSKY NIETZSCHE ‘Beyond Good and Evil’

Revision for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Five pages ARGUMENTS FROM OBSERVATION **TELEOLOGICAL ARGUMENT ** AQUINAS’ Fifth Way STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES PALEY FLEW TENNANT COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT ARISTOTLE AQUINAS Summa Theologica Hawking + Hartle Big Bang + Big Crunch LEIBNIZ Criticisms of cosmological argument: Hume: Fallacy of composition Anthropomorphology A posteriori vs a priori ARGUMENTS FROM REASON ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT ANSELM GAUNILO OF MARMOUTIER DESCARTES’ Triangle Cartesian doubt COGITO ERGO SUM KANT SYNTHETIC HYPOTHESIS STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Russell Key issues:

Mind Map for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) One page, best printed at least A3 Christian Concept of the Soul Judgement Election Purgatory Heaven Hell No Afterlife

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR) Three pages KANTIAN ETHICS Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) • Summum Bonum • 3 Postulates • Goodwill • Categorical Imperative: (MUST) • Hypothetical Imperative: (IF…THEN) • Ought • Reason: • Duty: • 3 Maxims Table comparing STRENGTHS and WEAKNESSES